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Math · Integrated Math 3

Chapter 3: Radicals and Inverses

Solving Radical Equations

Squaring can invent solutions.

Lesson
2
Time
About 21 minutes
0 of 12 done

Step 1: Let's Learn

Read it, or press Listen and follow the words.

Isolate the radical, then raise both sides to the matching power. A square root needs squaring; a cube root needs cubing.

Isolate first

Squaring before isolating produces cross terms and a worse equation. Get the radical alone first.

Squaring is not reversible

Squaring turns −3 and 3 into the same 9. That is why an answer can satisfy the squared equation and fail the original.

Checking is compulsory

Substitute every candidate into the original. Any that makes a square root equal a negative must be rejected.

Odd roots are safe

Cubing is reversible, so cube root equations do not produce extraneous solutions. Only even powers do.

Two radicals

With two square roots, isolate one, square, then isolate the remaining one and square again.

Squaring can invent solutions

Squaring is not reversible: 3 and −3 both square to 9. So squaring both sides can produce answers that fail the original equation, and every one must be checked.

Isolate the radical first

Squaring a sum containing a root leaves another root behind. Getting the radical alone before squaring is what keeps the process finite, and with two radicals it must be done twice.

Check in the original equation

The squared equation has a larger solution set than the original, so checking against it proves nothing. Substitution into the equation as given is the only valid test.

No solution is a real outcome

If every algebraic candidate fails the check, the equation has no solution. That happens genuinely — a square root cannot equal a negative number — and reporting it is correct.

Step 2: Try It Yourself

Tap and try it out.

The square root curve never dips below the axis. A solution requiring a negative root cannot exist.
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y = 1√x + 0
  • Point(4, 2)

Step 3: Watch an Example

One step at a time.

Watch Kofi Reject a Solution

Kofi solves √(x + 6) = x.

  1. Step 1

    The radical is already isolated, so he squares both sides: x + 6 = x².

Step 4: Your Turn

Practice makes it stick.

The Solve

Problem 1 of 2

√x = 5. What is x?

The Rejection

Problem 2 of 2

√(x + 6) = x. How many valid solutions?

Solve and Check

1 of 8

√x = 7. What is x?

2 of 8

√(x − 3) = 4. What is x?

3 of 8

√x = −2. How many solutions?

4 of 8

The cube root of x = 2. What is x?

5 of 8

Do cube root equations produce extraneous solutions? 1 yes, 0 no.

6 of 8

√(2x) = 6. What is x?

7 of 8

Put the solving process in order.

  1. 1Raise both sides to the matching power.
  2. 2Solve the resulting equation.
  3. 3Check every candidate in the original and reject failures.
  4. 4Isolate the radical on one side.

8 of 8

√(x + 1) = 3. What is x?

Step 5: Quick Check

Show what you know.

Question 1 of 2

√(x − 2) = 5. What is x?

Question 2 of 2

Why can squaring introduce extraneous solutions?

What You Learned

  • Isolate the radical, then raise both sides to the matching power.
  • Squaring is not reversible, so extraneous solutions can appear.
  • Check every candidate in the original equation.