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Math · Grade 6 Math

Chapter 5: Exponents and Expressions

Combining Like Terms

Tidying an expression without changing it.

Lesson
5
Time
About 18 minutes
0 of 7 done

Step 1: Let's Learn

Read it, or press Listen and follow the words.

3n + 4n is 7n, in the same way that 3 apples and 4 apples are 7 apples.

What makes terms alike

Terms are alike when the letter part matches exactly. 3n and 4n are alike; 3n and 4 are not.

Unlike terms stay apart

3n + 4 cannot be tidied further. There is no single term that means both.

The value never changes

3n + 4n and 7n give the same answer for every n. That is what equivalent means.

What makes terms alike

Like terms have exactly the same letter part: 3n and 5n are alike, and 3n and 3n² are not. You can add like terms because you are counting the same thing — three ns plus five ns is eight ns, exactly as three apples plus five apples is eight apples.

Unlike terms simply stay

3n + 5 cannot be simplified to 8n or 8. The n and the 5 are different kinds of thing. An expression that cannot be combined further is not unfinished — it is already in its simplest form.

Take the sign with the term

In 7n − 3n + 2n, the signs belong to the terms that follow them: +7n, −3n, +2n, totalling 6n. Losing a minus sign while rearranging is the commonest error here, so move each sign with its term.

Check by substituting

Put n = 2 into 7n − 3n + 2n and into 6n: both give 12. Substituting the same value into the original and the simplified form is a fast, reliable check on any simplification.

Step 2: Try It Yourself

Tap and try it out.

Rows of the same length combine into one taller block.

3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = 21

7 × 3 = 21

7 rows of 3 makes 21.

Step 3: Watch an Example

One step at a time.

Watch Ana Tidy an Expression

Ana simplifies 5n + 2 + 3n + 6.

  1. Step 1

    She groups the n terms: 5n and 3n.

Step 4: Your Turn

Practice makes it stick.

The Check

Problem 1 of 2

Simplify 4n + 5n, then evaluate it when n is 3.

The Same Value

Problem 2 of 2

Evaluate 4n + 5n when n is 3, without simplifying first.

Collect the Terms

1 of 4

Simplify 2n + 6n. How many n?

2 of 4

Simplify 9n − 4n. How many n?

3 of 4

Can 3n + 5 be simplified to 8n?

4 of 4

Simplify 3n + 2 + 4n. How many n?

Step 5: Quick Check

Show what you know.

Question 1 of 1

Simplify 6n + 3n. How many n?

What You Learned

  • Like terms have exactly the same letter part.
  • Add the counts of like terms; leave unlike terms alone.
  • Simplifying changes how the expression looks, never what it is worth.