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Math · Grade 6 Math

Chapter 7: Area and Surface Area

Area of a Trapezoid

Two copies make a parallelogram.

Lesson
4
Time
About 18 minutes
0 of 7 done

Step 1: Let's Learn

Read it, or press Listen and follow the words.

Take two identical trapezoids and turn one upside down. Together they fit into a parallelogram.

The base of that parallelogram

Its base is the two parallel sides added: a + b.

One trapezoid is half of it

The parallelogram is (a + b) × h. One trapezoid is half that, so divide by 2.

The formula

Area = (a + b) × h ÷ 2. The height is perpendicular, as always.

Two copies make a parallelogram

Take a second copy of the trapezoid, turn it upside down and join it to the first. The result is a parallelogram whose base is the sum of the two parallel sides. Its area is (a + b) × h, so one trapezoid is half that.

The formula, and how to read it

Area = (a + b) ÷ 2 × h. The (a + b) ÷ 2 part is the average of the two parallel sides, so the formula says: area equals the average width times the height. Read that way it is much easier to remember than as symbols.

Only the parallel sides go in the formula

The a and b are the two parallel sides. The slanted sides do not appear at all. Substituting a slanted side is a common error, and identifying the parallel pair before calculating prevents it.

Check with a special case

If a and b are equal, the shape is a parallelogram and the formula gives a × h — correct. If b is zero, the shape is a triangle and the formula gives a × h ÷ 2 — also correct. A formula that degrades correctly is a formula you can trust.

Step 2: Try It Yourself

Tap and try it out.

The doubled trapezoid is this rectangle. One trapezoid is half of it.

Area · squares inside

40

Perimeter · walk around

28

10 × 4 = 40 · 10 + 4 + 10 + 4 = 28

Area counts the squares inside. Perimeter measures the walk all the way round.

Step 3: Watch an Example

One step at a time.

Watch Leo Find a Trapezoid Area

Parallel sides 6 and 10, height 4.

  1. Step 1

    He adds the parallel sides: 6 + 10 = 16.

Step 4: Your Turn

Practice makes it stick.

The Garden Bed

Problem 1 of 2

Parallel sides 4 and 8, height 3. What is the area?

The Roof Panel

Problem 2 of 2

Parallel sides 5 and 9, height 6. What is the area?

Add, Multiply, Halve

1 of 4

Parallel sides 3 and 7, height 2. Area?

2 of 4

Parallel sides 6 and 6, height 5. Area?

3 of 4

Parallel sides 2 and 8, height 4. Area?

4 of 4

Why is the answer halved at the end?

Step 5: Quick Check

Show what you know.

Question 1 of 1

Parallel sides 5 and 11, height 4. Area?

What You Learned

  • Two identical trapezoids make a parallelogram.
  • Its base is the two parallel sides added together.
  • Area = (a + b) × h ÷ 2.