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Math · Grade 7 Math

Chapter 2: Proportional Relationships

The Graph of a Proportional Relationship

A straight line through the origin.

Lesson
3
Time
About 18 minutes
0 of 7 done

Step 1: Let's Learn

Read it, or press Listen and follow the words.

A proportional relationship always graphs as a straight line passing through (0, 0).

Why the origin

Nought hours of work earns nought pounds. If nothing gives nothing, the line starts at the origin.

Reading k off the graph

The height of the line at x = 1 is the constant of proportionality.

Straight is not enough

A straight line that misses the origin — a taxi with a £3 pick-up fee — is not proportional.

A straight line through the origin

The graph of y = kx is a straight line passing through (0, 0). Both features are diagnostic: curved means not proportional, and straight but missing the origin means linear but not proportional.

The constant is the steepness

A bigger k gives a steeper line, because each step across produces a bigger step up. The constant of proportionality is exactly what Grade 8 will call the gradient. Seeing it as steepness makes comparing two relationships a visual task.

The point (1, k)

Every proportional graph passes through (1, k), because when x is 1, y is k. Reading the height of the line above x = 1 gives the constant directly off the graph, with no calculation at all.

What a point on the line means

Any point (a, b) on the line is a valid pair for the relationship: a units of input give b of output. That is why a graph is more than a picture — it answers questions about values you never tabulated.

Step 2: Try It Yourself

Change the slope and watch the height at x = 1.

Set the slope and the intercept. Proportional means the intercept is nought.
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y = 3x

The slope is 3: for every 1 across, the line goes 3 up.

Step 3: Watch an Example

One step at a time.

Watch Ana Read k Off a Graph

A straight line passes through (0, 0) and (4, 10).

  1. Step 1

    She checks it goes through the origin, so it is proportional.

Step 4: Your Turn

Practice makes it stick.

The Line

Problem 1 of 2

A proportional graph passes through (3, 12). What is k?

The Taxi

Problem 2 of 2

A taxi charges £3 to start plus £2 a mile. Is it proportional? Answer 1 for yes, 0 for no.

Read the Graph

1 of 4

Proportional graph through (2, 10). What is k?

2 of 4

Proportional graph through (5, 15). What is k?

3 of 4

Must a proportional graph pass through the origin? Answer 1 for yes, 0 for no.

4 of 4

If k = 6, what is y when x is 4?

Step 5: Quick Check

Show what you know.

Question 1 of 1

Proportional graph through (4, 24). What is k?

What You Learned

  • A proportional relationship is a straight line through the origin.
  • The height of the line at x = 1 is the constant k.
  • Straight alone is not enough — it must also pass through (0, 0).