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Math · Grade 8 Math

Chapter 8: Roots and Irrational Numbers

Cube Roots

The side length of a cube.

Lesson
2
Time
About 18 minutes
0 of 7 done

Step 1: Let's Learn

Read it, or press Listen and follow the words.

The cube root of 27 is 3, because 3 × 3 × 3 = 27.

Where the name comes from

A cube of volume 27 has edges of 3. The cube root is that edge length.

Negatives are allowed here

The cube root of −8 is −2, because (−2)³ = −8. A square root of a negative has no such answer.

Telling them apart

A square root asks for two equal factors; a cube root asks for three.

The side length of a cube

∛27 = 3 because 3 × 3 × 3 = 27. Just as a square root gives the side of a square with a given area, a cube root gives the side of a cube with a given volume. The names describe the geometry.

Cube roots of negatives exist

∛(−8) = −2, because (−2)³ = −8. Unlike square roots, cube roots of negative numbers are perfectly ordinary, since an odd number of negative factors gives a negative product. This asymmetry surprises people.

Only one cube root

Every real number has exactly one real cube root, positive or negative. There is no ± to worry about, which makes solving x³ = 27 simpler than solving x² = 9.

Where cube roots are needed

Finding the edge of a cubical tank from its volume, or the scale factor between two similar solids from their volumes. Any time a quantity depends on three dimensions, undoing it needs a cube root.

Step 2: Try It Yourself

Tap and try it out.

Make all three edges equal. The volume is that edge cubed.
  • Cubes in one layer3 × 3 = 9
  • Layers3
  • 3 × 3 × 327 cubic units

Counting every cube gives 27, and so does 3 × 3 × 3. The formula is a shortcut for the count.

Step 3: Watch an Example

One step at a time.

Watch Ana Find an Edge

A cube has a volume of 64 cubic centimetres.

  1. Step 1

    She needs the number that multiplies by itself three times to give 64.

Step 4: Your Turn

Practice makes it stick.

The Cube

Problem 1 of 2

A cube has volume 125. What is its edge length?

The Negative

Problem 2 of 2

What is the cube root of −27?

Three Equal Factors

1 of 4

Cube root of 8?

2 of 4

Cube root of 1000?

3 of 4

Square root of 49?

4 of 4

Cube root of −64?

Step 5: Quick Check

Show what you know.

Question 1 of 1

Cube root of 216?

What You Learned

  • A cube root asks which number multiplied by itself three times gives the value.
  • It is the edge length of a cube with that volume.
  • Cube roots of negative numbers exist; square roots of negatives do not.