Page 1 of 5
Look at jump
- jumps
- jumped
- jumping
Jump is in all three words.
Only the ending is new.
Jump is the base word.
Get Ready
Small parts added to the end of a word.
Words to know
- base wordThe word left when you take the ending off.
Learn It
Page 2 of 5
Cover the ending
- planting
A long word looks hard? Cover the ending.
Now you see plant. Then add ing back.
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What endings tell you
- cats
- jumped
- jumping
s: more than one. Cats.
ed: it already happened. Jumped.
ing: it is happening now. Jumping.
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Three sounds for ed
- jumped
- played
- wanted
Jumped ends in a t sound.
Played ends in a d sound. Wanted ends in id.
Just say the word. Your mouth knows.
Page 5 of 5
Small changes
- hopping
- making
Hop gets two p’s: hopping.
Make drops its e: making.
The base word is still there.
Your Turn
Answer each question in the yellow box.
Question 1 of 8
Planting looks hard. What can you do?
Question 2 of 8
Why does hopping have two p’s?
Question 3 of 8
What is the base word in jumped?
Question 4 of 8
Ben jumped. When did he jump?
Question 5 of 8
Say jumped. What sound is at the end?
Question 6 of 8
Read painting. What do you cover first?
Question 7 of 8
What is the base word in making?
Question 8 of 8
Which word is inside jumping?
What You Learned
- Endings go on the end of a word.
- Cover the ending to find the base word.
- s means more than one. ed means it already happened.
- ing means it is happening now.
For the grown-up
Endings are not spelling patterns like the rest of the chapter; they are pieces of meaning added to a word that stays recognizable underneath. This is the seed of the word-parts work in Grades 5 to 8.
The habit to build: with any long word, cover the ending and read the base first. The -ed ending has three sounds (/t/, /d/, /id/), and a child gets them right by saying the word, not by learning a rule.